(new inventions) new, and work in a new way. Can be electronic and chemical.
First patent taken out - 1714 Henry Mll took out first patent (number 385) for a typewriter in England. 'Querty keyboard'
Ring pull can.£250,000 earned per day
The Tremelo device for string instruments
C.L Fender 1954
Patent Leather
Seth Boyden 1818
New Jersey USA
2. Trade marks
In order to get a registered trademark.
Design would be sent to Intellectual property office (tm) next to designed logo, means its under investigation. Will Receive registered trademark once known it doesn't already exist.
3. Registered designs
Something that 'appears' to be new. Re-arrangement of some decorative features.
Specifics of iPhone, screen size etc registered to Apple Inc
Can be an instore display design
4. Copyright
Art, literature, music, animation, film and games
Its automatic
Date a record your work - The only way to make your work copyright. Can be done by bank or post office on that day.
Every book has its own ISBN number, along with the authors name, and copyright dates with copyright symbol
Cd's and records have the same copyright specifics
Fairey vs. Associated Press
Case Study
Photographer VS Artist
CASE STUDIES
Palin VS Heart
Johnny Cucakes VS The world
Johnny Cucakes VS Benny Frying pan
Gaylord vs. United states postal service
Fair use legislation
E.G Rubber stamping - Fine for own use, not to be used on items sold for profit.
How to secure copyright now
- Add the symbol, your name and a date.
- Keep a log of your significant creations
- Publish your work somewhere, work you feel could be used for profit one day.
Must be very controlled to where you upload your work - Easier to prove
How long do they last:
Patent - max 20 years
Trademarks and logos - For ever, renew every ten years
Design rights - Upto 25 years, Renew every 5 years
Copyright - Until 70 years after death
Leaving copyright to someone else after death:
E.g Andy Warhol
'The Andy Warhol foundation' license images to you, but profits go to a charity.
JM Barry wrote Peter Pan
Left copyright to Great Ormond street Hospital
Its been a great income, all royalties go to hospital
Now if work is left to a charity, it is theirs for ever, not just 70 years after death.
-Board range of potential for images - Good idea of where / what channel it will be shown on - Strong idea of colour
Areas for improvement: - Think broader about the styles of the film, perhaps look at using image and vectors
Considerations: - Hand made is a good idea combining the two... - Kinetic Type could make up all the mixes and it could turn into a cocktail - Audio
Action plan: - Look at audio - Carefully consider whats most appropriate for film - Think about using vector and images together - Find examples - Think about time of when it will be shown - Think about target audience - Who would be interested in finding out about non-alcoholic cocktails? Middle aged women? Once known, think more in depth about suitable channel and time to be showing sequence. - Think about target audience - Who would be interested in finding out about non-alcoholic cocktails? Middle aged women? Once known, think more in depth about suitable channel and time to be showing sequence.
Within this workshop we were asked to fill in a form, in which we would calculate our outgoings as if we had our own / shared a business. The result was an overview of your spending over a year and how much money you would need to earn to cover them. This task certainly gave me a heads up on the amount of expenditure there is, and how choosing the right path is important. Do it solo, or rent a space with other creatives?
Why you should start a business - 'Bongoboy' Johnney Cupcakes (t-shirt factory) itsbongoboy.com Never taken classes in any criteria before creating business. "Nows a time to start a business, no time like the present.'
Collaborated with Disney and Warner Bros Is passionate, wants best for business. Decided not to sell work within chain stores, kept work as 'one off'. 4Ps. Talks of products, price, promotion and place. Tee shirts, regular and limited edition, USA tour and fantasy bakery 'on steroids'. Risk. Take a chance, learn from mistakes. Overseas trades, recognises needs for this. To open a store in London?
Getting started. Mark Bolton - web designer. ' They thing it takes luck, a clever idea of just knowing the right people. Thats not true, It's about you.'
www.growingbusiness.co.uk
- Do what you love - Start business while your still a student or still employed - Don't do it alone - Feed off other people and collaborate. - Write a business plan - Do the research - Get professional help - Get legal and tax issues right first time
Come up with a good business idea Write a business plan Choose a winning name for your business Choose a legal status for your business Register your business name
Bytstart.co.uk Betterbusiness.co.uk
Why are you starting a business? - Company structure - Skills - Funding - Competition - Market place - Network - Business plan - Staff - See professional advice - Biggest causes of failure
What is a business plan 'A business plan is a written statement of your business; what you want to achieve with it and how you will do that.'
Activity and skills required, missions and values
resources and equipment needed (overheads)
Marketing, 4P's and your competitors
Money, finance needed, budgeting, money management systems
WHat are you going to do?
What is the value proposition?
What resources you need?
How much it will cost to get it started?
How will you pay for it?
Who are your target customers?
Why do we need a business plan?
To focus your efforts
Set some clear objectives
To enable you to track your growth
To raise finance
Attract collaborators
freelanceuk.com
Where to find a business plan
- A high street bank
- The arts council
- How write a business plan - businessball.com
- www.businesslink.gov.uk
Where to find the funding
- By helping others to get grants
- Crowd funding - Websites offering you to publicise projects, for people to invest 'wedidthis' fuinding website
- We did this - Funding website
- Start a Cooperative.
How do we get organised?
Work alone, in a tema, as an equal partner to others, as an employee in an organisation?
Meredith Belbin
' A teams is not a bunch of people with job titles, but a congregation of individuals, each of whom has a role that is understood by other members.'
- Action - Completer finisher
- Social - Co-ordinator
- Thinking - Monitor evaluator
- Action - Implementer
- Social - Resource investigator
- Thinking - Plant
- Action - Shaper
- Social - Team worker
- Thinking - Specialist
Charles Handy (1985)
- power culture - Small business with one boss. e.g family restaurant
- Task culture - Group of people which come together to organise a project, a temporary 'thing', collaborators, a team of workers to achieve project.
- Role culture - Large organisations. E.g - LCA, triangle like senior management, Head > deputy head etc
- Person Culture - e.g dental practise. 4 dentists, with own clients, own way of working. Need receptionists, cleaners, dental nurses, to keep place running.
How will you organise your practise
- What skills do you need to get the job done?
- Will you work alone?
- Will you be more productive if you work as a team?
Income streams
- Private commissions
- Freelance design work
- Workshops
- Part time teaching
- Royalties from book sales
- Professionals seminars
Why I started a business
Case study - Amazon - Jeff Bezos
What type of company?
Status determined by - What you choose to do with your profits
Profitable growth of business
Increasing income for the people in the business
have just enough money to be able to continue practising
Share the profits with everyone in the business
Give all profits to charity
Use profits to fund community projects
Share profits with customers / members
A list of legal types
Sole trader
Partnership
Limited comapny
Limited liability partnership
Public limited company
Social enterprise
Determines how the business is run
What records must be kept
Whether you should be registered with companies house or not
How much tax you pay
How You pay your employees and yourself
Useful links
Business link
Companies house
Social enterprise coalition
Co-operatives
Taxation in the UK
This is the money that educates us, protects us, keeps us healthy and enables economic growth.
Personal taxation rates
Tax bands
0 - 35,000 - 20%
35,001 - 150,000 40%
Over 150,000 - 50%
Applies to self employed, sole traders and employees
NIC's
National insurance contributions
Class 2 (self employed) weekly - £2.50
Or monthly direct debit
Class 4 (self employed) Collected aunually on tax return
9% of profits up to £42,475
+2% over £42, 475
Class 1 (paid on behalf of employees) 3.7%
Sole trader obligations
Keep records safe
Seperate personal from business expenses
Private and business use of car
NIC _ £2.30 oer week + 8% profits at year end
Inform inland revenue - thinking of starting a business
Self assessment tax return - Jan 31st
Partnership
Run by tow or more people
Share of profits
Share of debts
Share need not to be equal shares
Limited company
Directors and shareholders liability for debts is limited to their % of ownership
Your are an employee of the company
Corporation tax will be paid on profits
Limited company obligations
AGMs to recieve and approve accounts Annual return to companies house At least two employees e.g - Plumbers, nail artist, bands
Corporation tax
Turnover of less that £300,000
Value Added Tax
- 20% on all goods and services
- 5% on
Children's car seats
Some property renovations
Insulation
Gas and elec
etc
Zero rated
Advertsiing for charities
Some protective workwear
Food, other than takeaways
Exempt
- Admission charges
- Building sales and rental
- Burial and cremation
- Sight tests
- Health services
- Tolls
- Postal services
VAT Threshholds
If your annual turnover exceeds £70,000 you must register to collect and claim VAT
